![]() ![]() However, it was seen essentially as the work of the Nazi leadership. Kristallnacht revealed to the world the intent and extent of Nazi Judeophobia. During and after this spasm of violence and plunder, 30,000 Jewish men were rounded up and sent to concentration camps, where hundreds would perish in the following months. By the night of November 10, a nationwide antisemitic pogrom had inflicted massive destruction on synagogues, Jewish schools, and Jewish-owned businesses. Men, women, and children-many neighbors of the victims-participated enthusiastically in acts of violence, rituals of humiliation, and looting. As synagogues burned and Jews were beaten in the streets, police stood aside. Within three days anti-Jewish violence erupted throughout Germany, initially incited by local Nazi officials, and ultimately sanctioned by the decisions of Hitler and Goebbels at the pinnacle of the Third Reich. On November 7, 1938, a Jewish teenager, Herschel Grynszpan, fatally shot a German diplomat in Paris.
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